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2. (a) Use the equation for the total energy available to the products:
ΔrHθ = -170 kJ mol-1
-
Ecoll = 10.8 kJ mol-1
-
Erot(I2) = RT (using the Equipartion principle for a linear molecule: each quadratic term in the
Hamiltonian contributes ½RT to the internal energy).
-
(the high temperature limit cannot be used here because only the lower vibrational
levels are populated).
Evib(I2) = 1.426 kJ mol-1
∴ Eavail = 10.8 + RT + 1.426 + 170 = 184.7 kJ mol-1
(b) |ℓmax| = μvrelbmax (1)
Substitute the expression for bmax into (1) to obtain a value for |ℓmax|:
Using the fact that :
(c) j' = ℓmax ≈ 315
3. (a) Plot a graph to show consistency with the line-of-centres model:
Rearranging the equation gives:
Therefore, plot a graph of σr(Ec).Ec vs Ec to produce a straight line;
gradient = 𝜋d2
y-intercept = – 𝜋d2E0
Ec/kJ mol-1 |
σr(Ec)/10-10 m2 |
σr(Ec).Ec/10-10 m2 kJ mol-1 |
9
|
0.5 |
4.5 |
15 |
1.25 |
18.75
|
30 |
2.0 |
60
|
50 |
2.2 |
110
|
gradient = 𝜋d2 = 2.5921
∴ 𝜋d2 = 2.59 Å2
y-intercept = – 𝜋d2E0 = – 19.081
∴ E0 = 7.36 kJ mol-1
(b)
Let x =
Ec = xkBT
E0 → E0/kBT, so
This is identical to the expression obtained for simple collision theory (SCT).
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