The following solutions are fully worked through in a PDF that is available to print.
1. Kinematics:
Linear momentum conservation:
From (1):
Substitute into (3):
where M = mA + mBC
Similarly, from equations (2) and (4), it can be shown that:
Now, to derive Eq. (7.24):
If the C atom acts as a spectator such that w'C = wBC:
i.e. E'C = EC when cos2β = 1. This occurs when β = 0°.
β → 0°, and so cos2β → 1 in a light atom transfer reaction, since mA ≈ mB and mC ≈ mBC.
Therefore, most of the available energy in this reaction is channelled into vibrational exctiation.
i.e. exothermicity is released into internal modes of motion.
In a light atom departing, or attacking, reaction cos2β → 0 since mA « mB. This means that β → 90°,
and most of the available energy goes into product translational energy.
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